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Oliver Cromwell

1599 – 1658

dead

Oliver Cromwell was an English statesman and soldier who as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death in 1658, after leading Parliamentarian forces in the English Civil War and signing the death warrant of Charles I in 1649. His 1649 invasion of Ireland produced the massacres at Drogheda and Wexford, in which his New Model Army killed thousands of Catholic soldiers and civilians, and was followed by mass land seizures that displaced Catholic Irish from their estates for generations. His Puritan regime banned Christmas celebrations and shut down London's theaters.