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Chiang Kai-shek

1887 – 1975

dead

Chiang Kai-shek was the leader of the Chinese Nationalist government from 1928 until his loss to Mao Zedong's Communist forces in 1949, after which he ruled the Republic of China on Taiwan as a one-party authoritarian state until his death in 1975. His 1927 "White Terror" purge of the Communist Party in Shanghai killed thousands, and his subsequent campaigns and the corruption of his regime contributed materially to his loss of mainland China. The White Terror he imposed on Taiwan from 1947 onward saw the killing or imprisonment of an estimated 140,000 Taiwanese under martial law that remained in force until 1987.