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Abdelaziz Bouteflika

1937 – 2021

dead

Abdelaziz Bouteflika served as President of Algeria from 1999 to 2019 and was the country's longest-serving head of state. After suffering a debilitating stroke in 2013 that left him largely unable to speak in public, he and the military faction known as le pouvoir manipulated the constitution to allow him to run for and win two further terms in 2014 and 2019, the latter campaign launched while he was hospitalised in Geneva. He was forced from office on April 2, 2019, by the popular Hirak protest movement after announcing a fifth-term bid, and the post-resignation period exposed billions in alleged embezzlement involving his brother Saïd, former prime ministers, and oligarchs of his inner circle.